PROBLEM SOLVING AND COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

UNIT I

Introduction to Computers:

Computer Systems

Computing Environment

Computer Languages, 

Creating and Running Programs, 

System Developments.

Introduction to the C Language: 

Introduction, 

C programs, 

Identifiers, 

Types, 

Variables, 

Constants, 

Input and Output, 

Programming Examples.

Introduction to Computer Problem Solving: 

Introduction, 

The Problem-Solving Aspect, 

Topdown Design, 

Bottom-up Approach, 

Flowcharts, 

Implementation of Algorithms, 

Program Verification, 

The Efficiency of Algorithms, 

The Analysis of Algorithms.

UNIT II

Structure of C program: 

Expressions, 
Precedence and Associativity, 
Evaluating Expressions, 
Type Conversion, 
Statements, 
Sample Programs.

Selections and Making Decisions: 

Logical Data and Operators, 
Two-way Selection, 
Multiway Selection.

Repetition: 

Concept of Loop, 
Pretest and Post-test Loops, 
Initialization and Updation, 
Event and Counter Controller Loop, 
Loops in C, 
Looping Applications.

Fundamental Algorithms: 

Exchanging the values between two variables, 
Counting, 
Summation of a set numbers, 
Factorial Computation, 
Sine Function Computation, 
Generation of the Fibonacci Sequence, 
Reversing the digits of a integer, 
Basic conversions, 
Character to Number Conversion

UNIT III

Factoring Methods: 

Finding Square root of a Number, 
The Smallest Deviser of an Integer, 
The GCD of two Integers, 
Generating Prime Numbers, 
Computing Prime Factor of an Integer, 
Computing the prime factors of an Integer, 
Generation of Pseudo Random Number, 
Raising the number to Large Power, 
Computing the nth Fibonacci.

Functions: 

Introduction, 
User Defined Functions, 
Inter-Function Communication, 
Standard Functions, 
Scope, 
Programming Examples.

Array Techniques: 

Array Order Reversal, 
Array Counting, 
Finding the Maximum Number Set, 
Removal Duplicates from an Ordered Array, 
Partitioning an Array, 
Finding kth smallest Element, 
Longest Monotone Subsequence.

Arrays: 

Introduction, 
Two Dimensional Arrays, 
Multi Dimensional Arrays, 
Inter Function Communication, 
Array Applications, 
Exchange Sort, 
Binary Search, 
Linear Search.

UNIT IV

Strings: 

String Concepts, 
C Strings, 
String Input/Output Functions, 
Arrays of Strings, 
String Manipulation Functions, 
String/Data Conversion.

Enumerated, Structure, and Union Types: 

The Type Definition, 
Enumerated Types, 
Structure, 
Unions, 
Programming Applications.

Bitwise Operators: 

Exact Size Integer Types, 
Logical Bitwise Operators, 
Shift Operators, 
Mask.

UNIT V

Pointers: 

Introduction, 
Pointers for Inter-Function Communication, 
Pointers to Pointers, 
Compatibility, 
Lvalue and Rvalue.

Pointer Applications: 

Array and Pointers, 
Pointer Arithmetic and Arrays, 
Passing an Array to a Function, 
Memory Allocation Functions, 
Array of Pointers, 
Programming Applications.

Binary Input/output: 

Text Versus Binary Streams, 
Standard Library Functions for Files, 
Converting File Type.

Linked List: 

Single Linked List, 
Insertion and Deletion